never see him again. He to the Philippians. that he be strong in the task to which God has 20Erastus stayed in Corinth, and I left Trophimus sick in Miletus. The power of the Holy Spirit - for everyone? Grace be with you (2 Timothy 4:22). Paul the apostle (1:1). Context Summary. attested as genuine than the Pastoral Epistles, with It is a tribute to him that he recovered himself, and a tribute to Paul that he found the grace to forgive and forget the weakness of the past and give him another chance. Peniel Theological Seminary in Riobamba, Paul expects Timothy to come quickly. writes expecting his execution, yet triumphant: "For For I am now ready to be offered, and the time of my departure is at hand. He [Paul] was confident of Timothy's commitment to and dependence on the Scriptures, and he was even more confident of God's ability to supply all Timothy's needs through the Word. There is no mention of Titus or of any preaching on Crete in Acts 27 . Hebrews 13 tells us that God has promised, "I will never, never, ever, under any conditions (there are six Greek negatives thrown in there) leave you nor forsake you," (Hebrews 13:5). 2 Tim. Roman imprisonment about A.D. 63. Here, he once again asks Timothy not to delay in making one last trip. Thank you for these wonderful letters that encourage us to this end, until the Day dawns and every shadow flees away. Paul has already asked Timothy to quickly make a trip to see him. We see from this statement, that it was dangerous even to appear in public as the friend or adviser of the Apostle Paul. Unless otherwise noted "Scripture The ordination which Timothy received (1:Tim.4:14; 5 words when he might have so easily confined himself to the vocabulary of the other Epistles of Paul; why he //history of the christian church volume i/section 99 the pastoral epistles.htm, Caesar's Household word of God is not bound." Yes, according to Acts, Paul embarked on three missionary journeys. It is intriguing to wonder whether Timothy ever made it to Rome. evidence supports Pauline authorship of these But, at this period, one article of accusation against Paul must have been the more serious charge of having instigated the Roman Christians to their supposed act of incendiarism before his last departure from the capital. The Israelites face continuing opposition, The Israelites fight the remaining Canaanites, Israel under the 'judges': Othniel and Ehud, Gibeah is destroyed & the Benjamites punished, The Ark of the Covenant is captured at Aphek, 30. Some have read that to mean that Paul was afraid he was going to be thrown to the lions in the Roman Coliseum. Article Images Copyright 2023 Getty Images unless otherwise indicated. is free to use this material and 15:24, 28), and may have been arrested later at Some scholars suggest Pick Do your best to come before winter. In the city of Chichester in England, a plaque was dug up some time ago that had this king's name inscribed on it, and the name of his son-in-law was Pudens. Thus, Paul wants Timothy to make every effort to visit him "soon." Second Timothy 4:9 Please, don't delay, make every effort to come to me soon. Weeping friends took up his corpse, and carried it for burial to those subterranean labyrinths, where, through many ages of oppression, the persecuted Church found refuge for the living, and sepulchres for the dead. His function was merely to secure the legal formality of the proceedings. be executed. 2:9). Paul the apostle (1:1). When St. Paul came to Athens, he sent for Timothy to come to him. Paul would have had the comfort of his presence during the closing months of his life. 4:20 Paul brings Timothy up-to-date on the whereabouts of two other fellow-workers from Ephesus. There is an excellent example of how to deal with those who mistreat us. Yes Paul was a prisoner in a lot of Roman provinces for His earthly friends had deserted him, but his Heavenly Friend stood by him. he wrote to Titus (c. A.D. 63; Titus 3:12-13). His journey would involve two water crossings, which would be difficult once winter had set in; and, as we will read in a moment, Paul urges him to come before winter, setting forth certain reasons for his urgent request. The presence of Jesus with him and beside him, Paul says, accomplished two things: First, it "gave him strength to testify." Scripture quoted by permission. It is not clear if Timothy was Paul's Letters to Galatia & Thessalonica, The risen Lord Jesus appears to his followers, Christ's Victory Parade & the New Covenant, 15. . I felt afresh the impact that Paul by his letters has made upon human history. Then Paul adds, "only Luke is with me." Lockman Foundation Used by permission." Paul wrote 2 Timothy from a dark and damp Roman prison cell, just before his death in AD 67. Now Paul is not only chained, but treated "as a malefactor" and will soon die for his faith. This is the last letter (Hebrews 13:6). : Paul writes to his close missionary associate ministry heard in over 100 countries Second Timothy 4:19-22 wraps up Paul's last letter to his dear friend, Timothy. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? He was delivered from the immediate peril, and saved from the ignominious and painful death which might have been his doom had he been convicted on such a charge. Paul is imprisoned in Rome, beginning in 61 A.D., at the end of his fourth missionary journey (Acts 28:16 - 31). 3:14, 15). For months he worries about his dear friend in prison hundreds of miles away. . He was facing death by beheading. . Peter clearly gave preference to the Apostle Paul as we saw in our banner verse, 2nd Peter 3:16.When Peter erred, it wasn't made a rule in heaven, it was rebuked by the Apostle Paul, Galatians 2:11-21.In fact at no time does the Apostle Peter ever play the role given him by Roman Catholic theology. 4:16-18 Paul reports that no-one stood by him when he defended himself at his first trial but the Lord rescued him from being sentenced to death, so he could continue to proclaim the message to all the Gentiles. This was a great heartbreak to the apostle; he writes these words with a tremendous sense of loss. Erastus, we learn from the letter to the Romans, was the city treasurer of Corinth, so it would make sense that he had remained there in order to carry on his business. We can only hint at the order of events during the trial and was subsequently released. Paul is in a cold damp dungeon. From the Kingdom of Israel to the Exile, 5. https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/144-pauls-two-year-roman-imprisonment That is the foundation of life, the rock upon which all else must be built: the union of our spirit with the Lord's Spirit to make us new persons in Christ. opportunities to be personally involved in AD 62. It is a tribute to Mark that he had somehow recovered himself in the apostle's eyes. There is very little evidence for that. Demas, perhaps, came from Thessalonica, to which he had returned, lured away from the apostle's side by the bright lights, the pleasures and prosperity of the city. I have fought a good fight; I have finished the course; I have kept the faith. It appears Paul's final imprisonment was much more severe than his first stint in prison there. . And I was delivered from the lion's mouth. not only to me, but also to all who have loved His have three grown daughters. Amen. By the time of writing in c.67AD, Aquila and Pricilla had first returned to Rome (from where they had been expelled by the Emperor Claudius some years earlier see Romans 16:3-5 & Acts 18:2), and then had later moved back to Ephesus. Earnestly endeavor. 4:6-8). He was the young man who had gone home to mother because he could not take the hardship on the first missionary journey, and had upset the apostle by so doing. But Paul had a more powerful intercessor, and a wiser advocate, who could never leave him nor forsake him. Mark is another name familiar to all who know the New Testament. 15You too should be on your guard against him, because he strongly opposed our message. We have concluded that his liberation took place early in A.D. 63. This, however, was in the first excitement which followed the fire of Rome. DATE AND PLACE: which I left at Troas with Carpus, and the books, Then he left Titus to University, B. Alexander the coppersmith did me great harm; the Lord will requite him for his deeds. arrest. Paul greets the family of Onesiphorus, who had ministered to him so refreshingly while he was a prisoner in Rome, but who now, apparently, is still away from his family. At any rate, some time in or around there, the day came when Paul appeared again before Nero and was condemned to death. 7-Jan at the same time to encourage Timothy, by showing the Now in opposition to him, let us consider Paul. He stands for those heartbreaking cases who have begun well, who seem to hold forth much promise of faithfulness in Christ, but drift back again into the empty pleasures and commerce of the world, lose their Christian testimony, and nothing further is heard of them. Paul's Journey to Ephesus, Philippi & Corinth, The Ephesians are filled with the Holy Spirit, Paul meets violent opposition in Jerusalem, 13. They left the body on the spot where they had murdered him, which was removed thence by some of his disciples and decently interred on the top of a mountain at a small distance from the city. in store for him a "crown of righteousness." The "lion" here is very likely a reference to Satan, the malevolent schemer behind all the false charges that were laid against Paul, the one who had weakened the courage of the Christians so they dared not stand up along with the apostle. Do thy diligence to come shortly unto me: , Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers. . To him be glory for ever and ever. this letter was written in Rome, but logistically it more plausible This is also supported by the Roman historian Tacitus, who in his writings refers to a noble Roman named Pudens, who had married a princess, the daughter of a British king Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus. During his final imprisonment, the apostle instructs Timothy to bring Mark with him when he comes to Rome because "he is useful to me" (2 Tim. evidence supports Pauline authorship of these Only Luke is with me. The place of execution in Rome was not far distant. the Gentiles might hear; and I was delivered out of We are not left to conjecture the feelings with which Paul awaited his ultimate fate in Rome, for he has himself expressed them in that sublime strain of triumphant hope which is familiar to the memory of every Christian, and which has nerved the hearts of a thousand martyrs. Timothy (1:2). We all experience winter seasonstimes of difficulty, and eventually deatheven as Paul did. His father was a Gentile, but his mother was a Jew. climax comes in 4:6-8. of starting the blaze, he blamed the Christians and It is evident from this paragraph that the apostle expects Timothy to leave Ephesus and come to Rome to join him, and to travel not by ship across the Mediterranean, but to come by the overland route. No advocate would venture to plead his cause, no procurator to aid him in arranging the evidence, no patronus (such as he might have found, perhaps, in the powerful Aemilian house) to appear as his supporter, and to deprecate, according to ancient usage, the severity of the sentence. Some of this does seem to correlate with a detail found in Paul's final letters to Timothy. his friends. The Lord gave him the strength to do that. From Corinth What a faithful heart he proved to be. not provide inmates food) or that Timothy himself was imprisoned If anybody even appeared to be against him, Nero's assassins were all throughout the city, ready to take the man's life. will and testament of sorts, the "dying wish" of the John's Revelation to the 7 Churches of Asia, John's Letter to the 7 Churches of Asia Minor, The messages to the believers on the coastal plain, The messages to the believers living inland, 21. His heart is full of love for a free gift for you. I like the way one of the modern versions translates that: "He is a good man to have around the place." Thus the Apostle Paul dies. 21Do your best to get here before winter. thankfulness similar to that expressed in his letter produce some linguistic differences as would the use Paul anticipates his "crown of From Corinth Obadiah foretells the punishment of Edom, Obadiah prophesies the resurgence of Israel, 46. The Journeys of Isaac, Jacob & Joseph, Jacob cheats Esau and flees to Mesopotamia, 25. Tacitus relates the sufferings of the Christian martyrs who, even unlike Paul, were put to death with circumstances of the most aggravated cruelty. had a daily expository Bible teaching It was a great experience again for me to go through these fantastic theological explanations of the redemptive program of God, as they came through the mighty heart and mind of this great apostle. We too mu called him. At the same time, Paul successfully defended himself from the first of the charges brought against him, which perhaps accused him of conspiring with the incendiaries of Rome. Timothy. All rights reserved. his companions had forsaken him except Dr. Luke. he wrote to Titus (c. A.D. 63; Titus 3:12-13). Acts 28vs16&30: "When we arrived in Rome, Paul was permitted to have his own private lodging, though he was guarded by a soldier. Paul says in Philippians 1:1 that He and Timothy was a Bond PAUL FROM THE BIBLE. nothing about Paul after the conclusion of Acts 28. The Jewish World of the Old Testament, Sources of the History of Israel and Judah. Paul wrote from solitary The Greeks commemorate his martyrdom on the 22nd of January, the day on which it is supposed he gave up his life in defense of the doctrine he had long labored to propagate; and during which time he had brought over great numbers of people to embrace the truth of the Christian religion. Even the great apostle Paul knew that he could not go it alone, and he gathered several individuals around himself to support him in his hour of need. How to get right with God: By water or the Spirit? When Paul was imprisoned in Rome for two years, Timothy was right alongside him much of the time unselfishly . author is hopeful Timothy will be joining him shortly. Paul leaving Titus in Crete must have been during a period of liberty after Paul's imprisonment in Rome ended in 63 AD. writes expecting his execution, yet triumphant: "For AUTHOR: First, Paul urges Timothy to come to him in Rome, something he has already requested once in this letter (2 Timothy 4:9). They could well be the early Gospels of Mark and Matthew, which perhaps were circulating by now. All of this was part of the schemes of Satan to accomplish Paul's death, or at least to destroy his testimony. This holy disciple accompanied St. Paul to Macedonia, to Philippi, to Thessalonica, to Berea; and when the apostle went from Berea, he left Timothy and Silas there to confirm the converts. scapegoat for Neros burning of Rome. Paul's imprisonment in Rome, after conducting what could be called his final (fifth) missionary journey, was evidently more severe than it had been five years before. The accusers, with their witnesses, would be already on the spot; and on this occasion he was not to be tried by the Emperor in person, so that another cause of delay, which was often interposed by the carelessness or indolence of the Emperor, would be removed. did timothy make it to rome to see paulhuntsville texas weather did timothy make it to rome to see paul. Crescens has gone to Galatia, and Titus to Dalmatia. It was a time of unrest for many reasons. The World of the Old Testament Journeys, 23.The Journeys of Adam, Enoch, Noah & Abraham, Cain is sent on a journey to the east of Eden, 24. Paul's Letters to Ephesus, Colossae & Philippi, 17. From the above description we can realize in some measure the external features of Paul's last trial. Erastus remained at Corinth; Trophimus I left ill at Miletus. We can quite properly read into this much heartache on the part of Paul. Last week I was in San Antonio, Texas, teaching all of the Apostle Paul's thirteen letters in one week to a group of teaching leaders for Bible Study Fellowship. Timothy Received Paul's Second Letter After the apostle came to Rome in the year 65, being then very near his death, St. Paul wrote to Timothy his second letter, which is full of marks of kindness and tenderness for this his dear disciple; and which is justly looked upon as the last will of St. Paul. 4:6-8). I have fought Paul asks for his cloak, as the prison would have been very cold, and other items. In the Benediction in Hebrews, the author indicates that The only mention of Claudia in the Bible occurs in 2 Timothy 4:21. TONE: We can only hint at the order of events during the Here, he is telling Timothy that he will face persecution for teaching the message of Christ Jesus.All was obviously going to happen very quickly, in the twinkling of an eye ( 1 . But notice again Paul's lack of vindictiveness. The diversity of subjects would The Mamertine Prisonis situatedatthe far left of this photo, next to the Roman Forum. I am sure that one of the first things we will do when we get to glory is to thank him for his faithful ministry, to which we are all indebted. Emperor Nero died in June, A.D. 68 so the letter and the time of my departure has come. for Nero's burning of Rome. becoming a Christian here is, Index of 365 daily Bible studies and sermon starters. Some time after, writing to the same Corinthians, he recommends them to take care of Timothy and send him back in peace; after which Timothy returned to St. Paul into Asia. We know not whether Timothy was able to fulfill the last requests of the dying Apostle Paul. rebuke of a Pagan festival honoring the Goddess Diana. Isaiah predicts the fall of Israel & Judah, Prophecies written before the fall of Jerusalem, Isaiah reassures King Ahaz of God's support, Troubled times and a glorious future kingdom, 40. . A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? 2 Tim. ", Series: Introduction to It appears that Alexander the coppersmith (2Timothy 4:14) was either one of Apostle Paul's accusers, or, at least, a witness against him. his personal condition just before his death. faithful old apostle to the Gentiles saying 4:13-15 Paul warns Timothy to be on his guard against Alexander, the Jewish metal worker who has done Paul a great deal of harm (see 1 Timothy 1:20). And the Lord will deliver me from every wicked deed and will preserve me for His heavenly kingdom; to Whom be the glory into the ages of eternity. For the next two years, Paul lived in Rome at his own expense. Pick From Acts of the Apostles to John's Revelation, 12 Aug. 1 Corinthians 10:16-17,11:20-34, 2 Feb. Genesis 29:31-35,30:1-12,17-24. For permission to use this content, please review International Coordinator and visiting From Philippians 1:19, 25, eu. . The Roman emperor Nero had been slowly descending into madness since his ascent to the throne in AD 54, a process exacerbated by the great fire of Rome in AD 64 that burned half the city. Every time they appear in Scripture they have a church meeting in their home. Then we have a mention of Eubulus, of whom we know nothing. It may well be that, in order to travel with Paul and stay close to him, Luke actually volunteered to be his slave. . Timothy c. A. D. 63, from Macedonia, perhaps NET Bible copyright 1996-2006 Paul's Journey to Phrygia, Macedonia & Archaia, 11. . is a very moving document as we see the aged apostle Study the master theme of the Bible with these prophecies and types in the Old Testament on the person and work of the Messiah, Jesus Christ. He longs for his "A very great multitude," as Tacitus informs us, perished in this manner and it appears from his statement that the mere fact of professing Christianity was accounted sufficient to justify their execution. No Christian ventured to stand by him in the court of justice (2Timothy 4:16). Paul has sent Tychicus (who earlier travelled to Ephesus and Colossae to take Pauls Letter to the Ephesians and his Letter to the Colossians) (see Ephesians 6:21-22, Colossians 4:7-8 & Acts 20:4) from Rome to assist Timothy at Ephesus. I can testify from personal experience that nothing hurts more than to see someone you love, someone who has been walking in keen fellowship with the Lord, grow dull and cool in that love and go back again to the emptiness of the world and its pleasures. From this time forward, a crown of righteousness is laid up for me, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, shall give me in that day - and not to me only, but also to all who love His appearing. . The appearing" (2 Tim. proclamation might be fully accomplished, and that scholars believe Paul was acquitted at this "first" "Christ in you, the hope of glory" Col. 1:27. me for service. becoming a Christian here is The privileges of Roman citizenship exempted Apostle Paul from the ignominious death of lingering torture, which had been lately inflicted on so many of his brethren. If this was the same with the Jewish Alexander of Ephesus (Acts 19:33), it would be probable that his testimony related to the former charge. "He did me great harm," Paul says; he opposed Paul's message. 1:3). arrived in Rome around the time of Paul's trial and was likely with 4:11). He has Emperor Nero died in June, A.D. 68 so the letter Ecuador. (2 Then he left Titus to Here the apostle was confined two whole years (58-60 2. Luke was the only one of his habitual attendants who now remained to minister to him. "The books" would seem to be a reference to papyrus books. See on 2 Timothy 2:15, and comp. When you come bring the cloak This happened so quickly and so unexpectedly that he had no time to return to the home of Carpus, where he was staying, and gather his belongings. External When the alarm and indignation of the people were excited by the tremendous ruin of a conflagration, which burnt down almost half the city, it answered the purpose of Nero (who was accused of causing the fire) to avert the rage of the populace from himself to the already hated votaries of a new religion. 4:13 When Timothy comes to visit him in Rome, Paul asks him to bring the coat that he left in Troas with Carpus (see 3 on Map 28), and also to bring his books especially the expensive ones made of parchment. (2Timothy 4:22a RSV). The difficulty of dating this letter is that we know Yet if Timothy did indeed arrive before the closing scene, there could have been but a very brief interval between his coming and his master's death. 2:9). We may add, that the employment of informer was now become quite a profession at Rome, and that there would be no lack of accusations against an unpopular prisoner as soon as his arrest became known. Pacific University, M. A. kept the faith; in the future there is laid u for me It is filled with I am already being poured out as a drink offering, If Timothy had made it to Rome before that time he could have spent several months with his beloved teacher. 2:9; 4:13, 15, 20). The Letter to the Jewish believers in Antioch, The General Letters: James, Jude, Peter & John, The Letter of James to the Jewish believers, The Letter of Jude to the Jewish believers, The 1st Letter of Peter to the Jewish believers, The 2nd Letter of Peter to the Jewish believers, 19. He sends greetings from Eubulus, Pudens, Linus (who, according to tradition, became the first leader of the church in Rome, after Paul and Peter), Claudia and the other believers in Rome, before finishing with a benediction: The Lord be with your spirit. And this jurisdiction was exercised not only by themselves, but by the delegates whom they appointed. But the Lord stood with me, This is what has happened to Demas. 2 Timothy Since Nero was suspected of starting the blaze, he According to extrabiblical church tradition, Timothy remained in Ephesus for the rest of his life, until he was martyred for his faith. written by the apostle Paul. taken from theNEW It is not surprising that nineteen centuries after his death, the capital of one of our fifty states, St. Paul, Minnesota, is named for Paul; and one of the five largest cities on the face of the earth, Sao Paulo, Brazil, also bears his name. When the apostle was brought up for his hearing -- we would call it the arraignment of the charges against him -- no one stood up for him; all forsook him. Brutalized as the Romans were by the perpetual spectacle of human combats in the amphitheater, and hardened by popular prejudice against the "atheistical" sect, yet the tortures of the victims excited even their compassion. 17But the Lord stood at my side and gave me strength, so that through me the message might be fully proclaimed and all the Gentiles might hear it. He The Journey continues from Sinai to Moab, The Israelites defeat King Sihon and King Og, The Israelites defeat the kings of Midian, Canaan is divided among the twelve tribes, 28. without the author's written consent. Innumerable schools, colleges, societies and institutions have been named for this great apostle. (1:8). faithful old apostle to the Gentiles saying Paul's friends, indeed, are still suffered to visit him in his confinement in Rome, but we hear nothing of his preaching. As far as we know, this is the last picture we have of Demas. But that did not happen because, as Paul says, "The Lord stood by me." quotations taken from theNASB." needs to be dated prior to that like at Pauls Evidently no Christian was ready to risk his life by standing up for Paul, so he had to face this preliminary hearing all alone. the exception of Romans and I Corinthians. Here is rather a sad note. pastored in Panama, Ecuador and the U. Bible Books. 4:6-8 As for Paul himself, the time has come for me to leave this life (2 Timothy 4:6). But, if that was the case, perhaps he had the same attitude as some Christians today who use the phrase, "I'm not retired, just refocused!" (2Timothy 4:16 - 18, HBFV where noted). So Paul concludes. It is a spiritual last He recommends him to be more moderate in his austerities, and to drink a little wine, because of the weakness of his stomach, and his frequent infirmities. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change? This conclusion is drawn from the fact that Paul mentions help Get Mark and bring him with you, because he is helpful to me in my ministry. serves as a Baptist missionary, and We know that . There is some slight evidence that the apostle was not beheaded until the spring of the year 68, and this letter was written in the late summer or fall of 67. But the Lord stood by me and gave me strength to proclaim the word fully, that all the Gentiles might hear it. . When you come bring the cloak But the Lord stood with me, Only Luke is with me. With obvious pain and heartache, Paul gives the reason for this -- Demas was "in love with this present age," he says. The apostle longed to be able to read the Old Testament, to saturate his mind and heart again with the glorious Word of God. a good fight, I have finished the course, I have The Lord will repay him for what he has done. Ezekiel warns of the conquest of Jerusalem, Ezekiel's vision of idolatry in the Temple, Ezekiel speaks through prophesies and parables, Further prophecies & the fall of Jerusalem, Hope for the future - New life for Israel, 45. Many believe he was made the chief scapegoat Yet we can quite understand that a leader of so abhorred a sect would be subjected to a severe imprisonment. 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Paul anticipates his "crown of Pudens and Linus and Claudia are all Roman Christians who greet the brothers in Ephesus. Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians and Philemon. Paul also sends greetings to the family of Onesiphorus, who is currently with Paul in Rome (see 2 Timothy 1:16-18). Resources: This story is adapted from John Kitto's 1870History of the Bibleand represents the commonly accepted views about this apostle among rank and file believers in the late 19th century.

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