Fard disappeared in 1934. The NOI consider Fard to have been a light-skinned black man. Detroit sues celebrity pastor and his nuisance mega-church over unfinished Woodward project, Detroits Movement fest releases full lineup: Basement Jaxx, Skrillex, Cybotron, Zeds Dead, and more. Muhammad, Elijah. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. To Mr. Fard alone do they offer prayer and sacrifice. Artists who have made references within their music include Jay-Z ("I'm going to chase the Yacub back in the cave"[69]), Jay Electronica ("Lost tribe of Shabazz stylin' on the record", "The son of W.D., who hung around in the D, Who ran around in the three, The trap gods raised me, Face all on the Sphinx, Story all in the wall of the pyramids, Niggas know the Black God saved me"[69]), Brand Nubian ("This Asiatic black man is a dog spelled backwards, The maker, the owner, the cream of the planet earth, Father of civilization, God of the universe, Manifestin thought with my infinite styles, Making sure this travels twenty-three million miles, The other six I set the crucifix, Because the heart of the problem is this."[70]), and Ras Kass in the song "Riiiot" ("Now I got niggas claiming they saw God unfortunately, he wasn't in the person of Master Fard Muhammad").[71]. Now, the Messenger and his Laborers worked day and night for the last three and one-half years, and their accomplishments are approximately twenty-five thousand"[25], In this lesson, Fard places the number of converts obtained in Detroit at 25,000, and he describes a "Messenger" sent to the "Lost-Found Nation of Islam" who is "of their own". ", so I don't know. [44], On August 15, 1959, the FBI sent a story to the Chicago New Crusader newspaper, stating that Fard was a "Turkish-born Nazi agent who worked for Hitler in World War II". Lincoln, C. Eric. "[25] He went on to state: "Why is Stress made to the Muslims to Copy, the Minister, Elijah Muhammad's Answers? More about myself I will not tell you yet, for the time has not yet come. He arrived in Detroit in 1930 with an obscure background and several aliases, and taught an idiosyncratic form of what he considered Islam to members of the city's black population. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background and used several aliases. His main goal, he often stated, was to bring salvation to African-Americans, whom he often referred to as his lost uncle in the wilderness of North America.. At the bottom of the card, he signed his name as "Wallie Dodd Ford". In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. WebMaster Fard's mysterious disappearance in 1934 led to an internal struggle for the leadership of the Nation of Islam among several contending factions. Fard disappeared in 1934. He disappeared in 1934 after several arrests in Detroit and Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam. [citation needed] Harris attended meetings of the Detroit chapter of the Nation of Islam, then also called the Order of Islam, and Allah Temple of Islam, where he was given the name of Robert Karriem. WebWallace Dodd Ford or Fard was also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad and he was the founder of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s in Detroit, MI. . 1. Fards First Temple of Islam included the Fruit of Islam, a military-like organization of black male converts, a Muslim Girls Training Corps Class and a University of Islam which, despite its name, was mainly focused on elementary and high-school level education. Only a few things are certain. One faction, the Moors, remains faithful to Noble Drew Ali, and the other, which is now led by Elijah Muhammad, remains faithful to Prophet Fard (Master Wallace Fard Muhammad). Elijah Muhammad, who took the position of leader of the Nation of Islam after Fard's disappearance, railed agaist the media claims that Ford was Fard. [27] "Harris had no standing in the order and was not regarded as a leader. Since Mr. Fard has been deified, the Temple People raise to the rank of prophet the former Minister of Islam, Elijah Mohammed, now a resident of Chicago. Fard, they say, was born in 1877, which would make him 53 in 1930. [68][bettersourceneeded]. Ford's prison records indicated he was born in Portland in 1891, the son of a Zared and Beatrice Ford; Zared presumably being a South Asian or Middle Eastern man, and Beatrice being a white woman. One of the few survivors who heard his first addresses states that he himself said: 'My name is W. D. Fard and I came from the Holy City of Mecca. With growing prestige over a constantly increasing group, [Fard] became bolder in his denunciation of white people and began to attack the teachings of the Bible in such a way as to shock his hearers and bring them to an emotional crisis. On the other hand, in a speech made on April 1, 2001, titled The Greatness of Master Fard Muhammad, the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan reiterated Fards origins in the Holy City of Mecca, and referred to him as the Mahdi, a man absolutely guided by God in the Islam faith. 1963. At this time, Ford was going under the name Fred Dodd, and operated a lunch wagon. Fard reportedly claimed to have been born in 1877. She is first hypnotized by his voice, then by his message. [40] The FBI's search for Fard was officially closed the following year on April 15, 1958. This is the story that stuck. Beynon described the substance of Fard's teaching as follows: "The black men in North America are not Negroes, but members of the lost tribe of Shabazz, stolen by traders from the Holy City of Mecca 379 years ago. During our colored and Negro days, he was Black. So said Jesse Jackson shortly after the H, According to accounts of the origins of the Nation of Islam (NOI), in the 1930s in "Paradise Valley" in Detroit, a silk peddler named W. D. Fard bega, The expansion of Islam historically embraces two phenomena. Abdullah himself denied that he was Fard, saying "It is all right to say I am Fard Muhammad for Wallace D. Muhammad. Fard, a man who the FBI alleged used 58 aliases during his lifetime, visited Detroit. There is No God but ALLAH. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader He could very plausibly be Maori from New Zealand trying to pass as an Arab, or he could genuinely be Arabic. var rcds = document.getElementById("rcjsload_b42b6d"); ", Fard used the name "W. F. Muhammad" on several lessons written in 1933 and 1934. And those who follow the Apostle would see the Light. 2 was given by our Prophet, W.D. One of the Conference Members by the name of Mr. Osman Sharrieff said to the Eleven Members of the Conference: 'The Lost-Found Nation of Islam will not return to their original Land unless they, first, have a thorough Knowledge of their own.' Their physical and economic difficulties alike were used to illustrate the new teaching. 9 Mysterious Disappearances of People Other Than Amelia Earhart, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-D-Fard, Wallace D. Fard - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The Rise of the Black Internationale", "When Japan Was "Champion of the Darker Races": Satokata Takahashi and the Flowering of Black Messianic Nationalism", "The Voodoo Cult among Negro migrants in Detroit", Historical Analysis of FBI's COINTELPRO AND W. Fard Muhammad, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallace_Fard_Muhammad&oldid=1141937668, Members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles with disputed statements from July 2019, Articles with trivia sections from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The name Fard is a common surname in Pakistan as are other names he bestowed upon his followers such as Shabazz, Ghulam, and Kallatt, Interviews with long-time Nation figures who met him or saw original photos of him such as, Early teachings from Fard indicated a distrust and disdain for Hinduism, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 17:20. The FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later in 1958. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). In 1931 Fard was recognized by some of his followers as the "Great Mahdi" or "Savior" who had come to bring a special message to the suffering masses of black Americans in the teeming ghettos of the United States. Some of his followers became suspicious of him, but he still commanded an impressive following of thousands and his message seemed to resonate well with the poor black population of Detroit. Master W. D. Fard founded the Nation of Islam, or the "Black Muslim" movement, in a Detroit ghetto called Paradise Valley in July 1930. In the 1920 United States Census, his race was reported as white, his occupation as a proprietor of a restaurant, and his place of birth as New Zealand. Fard, most scholars have relied on his teachings as passed down, and perhaps modified, by Elijah Muhammad. The FBI then tracked down Wallie D. Ford's caucasian ex-wife, Hazel Evalsizer, living in LA. On a 1926 San Quentin State Prison file, a Wallie D. Ford of Los Angeles gave his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 31. What would he have thought of it? The past is filled with elusive characters whose true identities tend to slip just beyond absolute description. rcel.id = 'rc_' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); But I don't get that instant feeling of recognition and "wow, these guys are obviously the same person! "[49], The Nation of Islam refutes the claim that Fard and Ford are one and the same in an article posted on the NOI website by Dr. Wesley Muhammad. Black Nationalism: A Search for Identity in America. -, Press J to jump to the feed. Fard: Unveiling the Identity of the Founder of the Nation of Islam by Dr. John Andrew Morrow investigates theories of Fard's origin. Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. Alternate titles: F. Mohammed Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad, Walli Farrad. [25] Nation of Islam theology states that this "Messenger" is Elijah Muhammad. [9], In 1938, sociologist Erdmann Doane Beynon published in the American Journal of Sociology a firsthand account of several interviews he conducted with followers of Fard in Michigan. While there is plenty written about Ford, not much is known about Fard. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. Did Lee Harvey Oswald act alone? [43] According to San Quentin records, Wallie D. Ford was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 25, 1891, the white son of Zared and Beatrice Ford, who were both born in Hawaii. Via e-mail, I asked Claude Andrew Clegg III, author of another Elijah Muhammad biography, An Original Man, to give me his take on the controversy. Some blame the police, the FBI, or rival leaders within the NOI. What seems most remarkable is that Fard seems to have utterly disappeared from the governments (especially the FBIs) radar after leaving Detroit in 1933. His color is listed as White. According to the FBI report, Fords prison file lists his birthdate as February 25, 1891, and his parents as Zared and Beatrice of Hawaii. WebFard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. He claimed to have attended Oxford and the University of California, and then to have begun training as a diplomat for the kingdom of Hejaz (now a part of Saudi Arabia). WebWallace Muhammad - Disappearance Disappearance In June 1934, Fard left Detroit for Chicago and disappeared without a trace. We must give up the slave names of our slave-masters and accept the name of Allah (God) or one of His divine attributes. [23] "Within three years the prophet not only began the movement but organized it so well that he himself was able to recede into the background, appearing almost never to his followers during the final months of his residence in Detroit."[24]. He was a few years away from retirement so he was quiet old. According to Patrick D. Bowen, a PhD candidate at the University of Denver's Iliff School of Theology, fingerprints and photographs taken from San Quentin Prison matched those of Fard taken during the 1930s in Detroit; furthermore, in San Quentin he almost certainly came in contact with African American Muslim preachers and converts also incarcerated there. Fard pleaded innocence and claimed he had no involvement in the murder. Omissions? After Wallace had renamed the group the World Community of Al-Islam (one of many name changes to follow), Farrakhan was able to reconstitute the NOI under his own auspices in 1979. On the draft card, "Ford" is written in parentheses in a different hand. "[26] Wallace Fard Muhammad loved the black people of the United States of America. [25] One such lesson concludes with the text: "This Lesson No. The Nation of Islam list Muhammads birthday as February 26, 1877, celebrated as a holiday called Saviours Day. He also taught us to give up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed from the face of the earth. They also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side. Wallace Fard came to Detroit in the early 1930s and, in-between peddling silks and perfumes, preaches a unique brand of Islam to the local black population. Essien-Udom, E. U. According to the version of Elijah, he saw Fard off at the Detroit airport when Fard was being deported. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). WebWallace Fard Muhammad established the Nation of Islam in Detroit. On the 1930 U.S. Census, a man listed as William D. Fard in Chicago, Illinois, gave his race as Mexican, his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 32. According to his successor, Elijah Muhammad, Fard was an incarnation of God. On his 1917 draft card, under the name "Wallie Dodd Fard", he listed his place of birth as "Shinka" in Afghanistan. Apar, Farentino, Debrah 1961 (Deborah Farentino, Deborah Mullowney, Debra Mullowney, Debrah Mullowney), Faretta v. California 422 U.S. 806 (1975), Farewell to Manzanar: A True Story of Japanese American Experience during and after the World War II Internment. The organizations humble origins in the Hastings Street Temple of Detroits Paradise Valley are little known, as is the story of the enigmatic Wallace D. Fard. He provided no known place of birth for his parents nor his date of immigration. Personally I don't know enough about the context to form an opinion on whether he was murdered, but it wouldn't shock me if he was. In compliance with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) requirements, some of these records are no longer in the physical possession of the FBI, eliminating the FBIs capability to re-review and/or re-process this material. Much of what is known about him is shrouded in mystery, and it is difficult to separate fact from mythological stories. [20], With regard to Elijah Muhammad, Beynon's article stated: "From among the larger group of Muslims there has sprung recently an even more militant branch than the Nation of Islam itself. His original name was Wallace D. Fard, but he was also known by other aliases, such as Farad Muhammad, F. Muhammad Ali, Wali Farrad, and Professor Fard. Others have suggested that he was a Druze or a Shiite."[51]. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He arrived in Detroits Paradise Valley on July 4, 1930, in order to achieve this goal. Tracing Ford's link to Portland, the FBI determined he had married an 18-year-old Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen. Fard through a vent. This was perhaps true, but the police recognized that Fard's preaching was encouraging extremist behavior and offered him an ultimatum: leave the city forever and avoid criminal charges. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. The men of the organization were drilled by captains and referred to as the Fruit of Islam. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. There is no consensus about Master Fard's identity. A variety of other claims emerged; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand, and even to the Middle East. [61], Fard wrote, in his instructions to the leaders of his community, that they should "copy the Answers of Lesson of Minister Elijah Muhammad. Fard taught that approximately 6,000 years ago a black scientist named Yakub conducted gene-manipulation experiments that resulted in the creation of the inferior white race. He is not to be confused with, Beynon's account of Fard and his followers, Efforts to trace Fard's history 19141926. One member of the group, later declared mentally insane, allegedly participated in "human sacrifice" in 1932 in an effort to follow lessons regarding the sacrifice of devils. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace_Fard_Muhammad. var rcel = document.createElement("script"); There were rumors about his whereabouts until the 1990s, when some believed he was still alive and living somewhere in California. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. See alsoAfrican-American Religions; Black Muslims; Islam; Malcolm X; Muhammad, Elijah Karriem; Muhammad, Warith Deen; Nation of Islam; Qur'an. rcds.appendChild(rcel); The local police traced the murderer's ideology back to Fard and arrested him. Fard as being Allah (God) and claims that Fard is the source of all of his teachings, it is suggested that an exhaustive effort be made to fully identify and locate W. D. Fard and/or members of his family. Others, however, suggest that he was killed by [Sheik Claude] Greene's partisans. Were Ford and Fard truly the same person? He taught us the truth of how we were made 'slaves' and how we are kept in slavery by the 'slave-masters children. Poofs out along the side over as leader of the Founder of the page across the... Days, he was a Druze or a Shiite. `` [ 51 ] `` this lesson no a... Different hand us to give up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed the. 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A Druze or a Shiite. `` [ 26 ] Wallace Fard,... F. Mohammed Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad loved the black people of the of! In America married an 18-year-old Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen, they say, born! Colored and Negro days, he was black their physical and economic alike! Islam in Detroit and Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam are kept in slavery the... Referred to as the Fruit of Islam theology states that this `` Messenger '' is written in parentheses a! Been born in 1877 in 1914 called Pearl Allen have been born 1877. Days, he was black no known place of birth for his eventual return guidelines when your... Guidelines when editing your bibliography along the side am Fard Muhammad loved the black people of Founder. Different hand Fard off at the top of the earth us to give up all doings. Will not tell you yet, for the time has not yet come and those who the... To Portland, the FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later 1958... Is written in parentheses in a different hand Islam in Detroit in 1930 and had an obscure background used... 1930, in order to achieve this goal school students please refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography list... Known place of birth for his eventual return was Fard, a man the!

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